Chromium - définition. Qu'est-ce que Chromium
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Qu'est-ce (qui) est Chromium - définition

CHEMICAL ELEMENT WITH SYMBOL CR AND ATOMIC NUMBER 24
Element 24; Chromium(III); Chronium; Cromium; Dichromium; Chromium (element); Trivalent chromium; Cr (element); Chromium (II); Chromium(IV); Chromium(V); Chromium(II); Chromium(I); Chromium compound; Kromium; Chromeium; Biological roles of chromium; History of chromium
  • Chromium compound determined experimentally to contain a Cr-Cr quintuple bond
  • Red crystal of a ruby laser
  • Chromium(VI) oxide
  • Piece of chromium produced with [[aluminothermic reaction]]
  • [[Sodium chromate]] (Na<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub>)
  • [[Chromite]] ore
  • Anhydrous chromium(III) chloride (CrCl<sub>3</sub>)
  • Sample of pure chromium metal
  • World production trend of chromium
  • [[Chromium(II) carbide]] (Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>)
  • date=5 June 2013}} (2004) KTH Royal Institute of Technology</ref><!--also part of the Chromium (VI) Handbook of Jacques Guertin on page 73-->
  • zone-refiner]], showing large visible crystal grains
  • [[Crocoite]] (PbCrO<sub>4</sub>)
  • The red color of rubies is due to trace amounts of chromium within the [[corundum]].
  • Decorative chrome plating on a motorcycle
  • last = Papp}}</ref>

chromium         
Chromium is a hard, shiny metallic element, used to make steel alloys and to coat other metals.
...chromium-plated fire accessories.
N-UNCOUNT
chromium         
¦ noun the chemical element of atomic number 24, a hard white metal used in stainless steel and other alloys. (Symbol: Cr)
Derivatives
chromic adjective
chromous adjective
Origin
C19: from chrome + -ium.
Chromium         
·noun A comparatively rare element occurring most abundantly in the mineral chromite. Atomic weight 52.5. Symbol Cr. When isolated it is a hard, brittle, grayish white metal, fusible with difficulty. Its chief commercial importance is for its compounds, as potassium chromate, lead chromate, ·etc., which are brilliantly colored and are used dyeing and calico printing. Called also chrome.

Wikipédia

Chromium

Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6. It is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal.

Chromium metal is valued for its high corrosion resistance and hardness. A major development in steel production was the discovery that steel could be made highly resistant to corrosion and discoloration by adding metallic chromium to form stainless steel. Stainless steel and chrome plating (electroplating with chromium) together comprise 85% of the commercial use. Chromium is also greatly valued as a metal that is able to be highly polished while resisting tarnishing. Polished chromium reflects almost 70% of the visible spectrum, and almost 90% of infrared light. The name of the element is derived from the Greek word χρῶμα, chrōma, meaning color, because many chromium compounds are intensely colored.

Industrial production of chromium proceeds from chromite ore (mostly FeCr2O4) to produce ferrochromium, an iron-chromium alloy, by means of aluminothermic or silicothermic reactions. Ferrochromium is then used to produce alloys such as stainless steel. Pure chromium metal is produced by a different process: roasting and leaching of chromite to separate it from iron, followed by reduction with carbon and then aluminium.

In the United States, trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) ion is considered an essential nutrient in humans for insulin, sugar, and lipid metabolism. However, in 2014, the European Food Safety Authority, acting for the European Union, concluded that there was insufficient evidence for chromium to be recognized as essential.

While chromium metal and Cr(III) ions are considered non-toxic, hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is toxic and carcinogenic. According to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), chromium trioxide that is used in industrial electroplating processes is a "substance of very high concern" (SVHC).

Abandoned chromium production sites often require environmental cleanup.

Exemples du corpus de texte pour Chromium
1. The chromium is above allowable levels, while there are traces of depleted chromium.
2. The readings indicate a high concentration of heavy metals, especially lead and chromium, in some areas.
3. The levels of chromium, lead and nitrate were above safety limits.
4. High levels of chromium 6 were first discovered in Koropi’s underground water reserves in 2004.
5. It contains organic germanium, organic selenium, organic zinc, organic chromium and vitamin B complex.